La Batllia, recognized as a subcomarca of Cerdanya, has its origins in the ancient pagus of Talló, dating from the ninth century. Strategically located on the border between the counties of Cerdanya and Urgell, Bellver de Cerdanya emerged as an important defensive enclave, with a castle that guarded the main communication routes in the area.
Its development as a town began in 1225, when James I granted it a town charter and made the royal road that linked La Seu d'Urgell with Puigcerdà pass through Bellver. Walls and defensive towers were built, and the inhabitants received privileges that were extended by later monarchs.
Due to its proximity to the French border, Bellver suffered numerous attacks by French troops between the 15th and 18th centuries, and was occupied on several occasions.
The town was also the scene of intense internal conflicts. During the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, the struggles between nyerros and cadells, factions that divided the Catalan nobility, marked the history of the place. The Cadell Tower, an old fortified farmhouse, is still preserved, witness of those confrontations. The original castle was destroyed in 1665 after the explosion of its powder magazine.
In the 19th century, the romantic poet Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer stayed for a few months in an inn in Bellver, where he was inspired by its landscapes and local legends to write his famous work La cruz del diablo (The Devil's Cross).
During the Civil War, in 1937, Bellver experienced an episode that is still part of its collective memory: some young men from the village shot down an anarchist leader from a high point of the municipality.